Thermodynamics Intro

What is Thermodynamics ?

Thermo - Heat , Dynamics - Flow
Therefore , thermodynamics literally means heat flow . 
- It mainly deals with various forms of energy and their conversion  (heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, radiation, and physical properties of matter .)

#Basics :
  • System-
    A system is a part of universe which is under observation .
    Imagine that you are holding this book and observing the color of it ⟶    đŸ“• Then this particular book will be your system
  • Surrounding-
    The remaining part of the universe (excluding the system) is known as surrounding . 
    Let the book we took earlier be placed on a table in a classroom . Then , the entire universe except the book we were observing (đŸ“•)will be the surrounding
  • Boundary-
    The surface separating system and surrounding is known as a boundary . 
✱ Note - System can be gaseous , rigid or liquid
                  - Boundaries can be both real or imaginary . 
              
There are three types of Systems . 
  1. Open System : In an open system , Both heat and matter can be exchanged with the surroundings .
    Like a glass with hot water . Matter can be exchanged via the opening of the glass and heat will be exchanged with the surrounding .
  2. Closed System : Here , Only heat can be exchanged but not matter .
    We can consider a closed water bottle to be an open system . Heat will be exchanged through the walls of the bottle but the water inside can't come out (well , till you open the cap ) .
  3. Isolated System . Isolated systems are Ideal . They do not practically exist in nature but the Thermos we use can be a good example to an extent [It's not a perfect example because after some time or some days , the heat will eventually be exchanged with the surroundings]  . Isolated Systems neither exchange heat nor mass with the surroundings . 
    Pretty much like our Universe [it can be an exception though] 

↠What kind of system is our Human Body ?
☆ Our human body is an Open System because we can exchange heat [When we rub out palms , When we get a fever etc.] as well as matter [ We eat food , inhale O2 , exhale CO2 , Excrete etc.]

↠What kind of system is our Earth ?
☆ Earth is an open system . We receive Sun light in the form of heat , We send artificial satellites from Earth , Astronauts from Earth go to the outer space . 

 

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