Posts

LLMs and Gen AI , Part 1

LLMs and Gen AI  LLMs  (Large Language Models) f ocus on processing and understanding existing vast amounts of text data. They can use this understanding to perform various tasks like text generation, translation, and question answering, but the core remains working with existing information.  They  primarily rely on deep learning architectures like Transformers, which are adept at finding patterns and relationships within massive amounts of text data. LLM helps in doing practically everything such as: Content creation: Writing different creative text formats based on existing styles. Chatbots and virtual assistants: Powering chatbots for natural conversations and answering questions. Machine translation: Translating text between languages while preserving meaning and context. Text summarization: Creating concise summaries of factual texts. Some LLMs can be used for generative tasks, especially when conditional generation techniques are ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Centennial

Longest continuously 'on' lightbulb ~ The long-lasting bulb, known as Centennial light,  was switched on since 1901. Surprisingly it is not even connected to a light switch though it has backup generators. ~ It was originally supposed to be emitting around 30-60 watts, but right now it just emits around 4 watts. ~ The Phoebus Cartel  , the companies who manufactured bulbs way before the 1920s, worked together to help each other by controlling the supply of lightbulbs. ~ Everything seemed fine until the Cartel got this biggest threat, the everlasting bulbs _See, initially the Cartel did their best to make long-lasting bulbs but once they were almost perfected, the Cartel's sales dropped around 40 million which was not what they expected. - Such a huge loss changed the Cartel's mindset and hence they decided to make it their mission to reduce approximately 1000 years of the lifespan of the lightbulbs. - They claimed that they were doing that for increased efficiency but  ...
Post a Comment
Read more

SRMs

Standard Reference Materials(SRMs ): - There's a warehouse set up by the U.S government which has the standard samples for over 1000 substances.... (NIST : National Institute of Standards and Technology make it possible) food and whatnot . - From a *typical diet* sample to human samples...almost everything is available in that warehouse - The people managing this warehouse generally work with other manufacturing companies to create the required samples - They even have international audience , the kind who'd buy the samples of course... -They work with the federal government and sell about 30,000 samples to them annually  - So a *typical diet* SRM ,for example, is made once ● the manufacturer collected all sorts of diet items an average American would eat ● grinded into fine powder and stored in a small glass bottle The sample looks grayish n contains almost all the nutrients the proteins , fats etc., that a diet generally has - What's wild about this warehouse I that it e...
Post a Comment
Read more

#things_which_glow_under_black_light

=) What is black light?  - Black light (or) Ultraviolet light is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays.  -UV radiation is present in sunlight, and constitutes about 10% of the total electromagnetic radiation output from the Sun. =) Why do substances glow under UV light? - Fluorescent substances absorb ultraviolet light and then glow when they re-emit it. Phosphorescent materials (phosphors) make light much the way fluorescent materials do; they radiate visible light after being energized. Some materials which glow under UV light :- - Highlighters.                                      - Bank notes  - Detergents.                                        - Eggs - Tonic water (quinine content)...
Post a Comment
Read more

ElectroChemistry 4

⇛Electrodes : We discussed that there are two types of electrodes  Anode and Cathode . Based on reactivity , electrodes are classified into Inert and Active electrodes . 1. Inert : The electrodes which do not take part in the main electrolysis reaction are called as inert electrodes . Eg:  Pt(Platinum) , Au(Gold) etc. 2. Active : The electrodes which take part in the electrolysis reaction are known as active electrodes . Eg:  Hg(Mercury) , Ni(Nickel) , Cu(Copper) etc.
Post a Comment
Read more

#ChemFact3

☆  Corrosion ⇛ What is corrosion ? ↠ Slow destruction of metals due to chemical reactions on their surface by oxygen, carbon dioxide , moisture etc. in the atmosphere , is known as  corrosion  of metals . Some examples - 1. Rusting Of Iron : Rust is an iron oxide, a usually reddish-brown oxide formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen in the catalytic presence of water or air moisture .  General formula of rust is Fe 2 O 3 ⋅ n H 2 0  .     - What does the 'n' signify ?        As rust forms when pure iron is in contact with the atmospheric moisture , there will be some water molecules trapped in it but we can't be sure so as to how many water molecules will be there . So 'n' here means 'a number of water molecules'  2. Rancidity : The oxidation of oil on fat in a food resulting in a bad smell and taste , it becomes harmful to eat . Methods to prevent corrosion : 1. Galvanization  : The process of applying zinc on the I...
Post a Comment
Read more

Thermodynamics 2

There are two types of properties of matter . Microscopic and Macroscopic . Microscopic properties arise from the independent behavior of a substance . In this topic , We'll only discuss about Macroscopic properties.   ⇛   Macroscopic properties of matter :- - These are the properties of the system which arise from the bulk behavior of a substance . Like Pressure Volume Mass      etc.... 1. Extensive properties : Those properties whose magnitude depends upon the extent (or) amount of a substance are classified under extensive properties Eg: Heat , Internal Energy , Mass , Volume and so on . 2. Intensive properties :    Those properties whose magnitude doesn't depend on the quantity of a substance are classified under intensive properties Eg: Temperature , Viscosity , Concentration , Pressure and so on . ⇒ State Function : State function's magnitude (or) value depends on the state of the system but doesn't depend on the path followed . Eg:  Pressur...
Post a Comment
Read more